Pet allergy is an allergic reaction to proteins found in an animal's skin cells, saliva or urine. Signs of pet allergy include those common to hay fever, such as sneezing and runny nose. Some people may also experience signs of asthma, such as wheezing and difficulty breathing.
Most often, pet allergy is triggered by exposure to the dead flakes of skin (dander) a pet sheds. Any animal with fur can be a source of pet allergy, but pet allergies are most commonly associated with cats and dogs.
If you have a pet allergy, the best strategy is to avoid or reduce exposure to the animal as much as possible. Medications or other treatments may be necessary to relieve symptoms and manage asthma.
Symtoms
Pet allergy signs and symptoms caused by inflammation of nasal passages include:
Sneezing
Runny nose
Itchy, red or watery eyes
Nasal congestion
Itchy nose, roof of mouth or throat
Postnasal drip
Cough
Facial pressure and pain
Frequent awakening
Swollen, blue-colored skin under your eyes
In a child, frequent upward rubbing of the nose
If your pet allergy contributes to asthma, you may also experience:
Difficulty breathing
Chest tightness or pain
Audible whistling or wheezing sound when exhaling
Trouble sleeping caused by shortness of breath, coughing or wheezing
Skin symptoms
Some people with pet allergy may also experience skin symptoms, a pattern known as allergic dermatitis. This type of dermatitis is an immune system reaction that causes skin inflammation. Direct contact with an allergy-causing pet may trigger allergic dermatitis, causing signs and symptoms, such as:
Raised, red patches of skin (hives)
Eczema
Itchy skin
When to see a doctor?
Some signs and symptoms of pet allergy, such as a runny nose or sneezing, are similar to those of the common cold. Sometimes it's difficult to know whether you have a cold or an allergy. If symptoms persist for more than two weeks, you might have an allergy.
If your signs and symptoms are severe — with nasal passages feeling completely blocked and difficulty sleeping or wheezing — call your doctor. Seek emergency care if wheezing or shortness of breath rapidly worsens or if you are short of breath with minimal activity.
Prevention
If you don't have a pet but are considering adopting or buying one, make sure you don't have pet allergies before making the commitment.
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